Bitcoin Mining Profitability Calculator
One row per machine generation — count, hashrate and wall power per unit. Rows are saved in your browser and don't touch the calculator above until you load the totals.
| Model | Count | TH/s per unit | W per unit | J/TH | Profit / day |
|---|
Reads the hashrate and machine count you entered above against the live network.
Solo mining is a lottery where the winner keeps the entire block reward — no steady drip, just everything or nothing. Real solo miners on Bitaxe-class machines do hit blocks every year despite expected waits measured in millennia: an enormous number of small tickets are in the draw, and someone's comes up. These are Poisson odds — every day is an independent draw and the wait has no memory, so years of mining never make the next block more likely than it was on day one.
How the calculation works
revenue/day = coins/day × BTC_price
electricity/day = (watts / 1,000) × 24 h × $/kWh × uptime
profit/day = revenue/day − electricity/day
break-even $/kWh = revenue/day ÷ kWh/day
break-even BTC price = electricity/day ÷ coins/day
Your expected share of the network is simply your hashrate divided by everyone's hashrate. Bitcoin produces ~144 blocks a day (one per 600 s target), each paying the 3.125 BTC subsidy plus transaction fees — we use the average fees of the last 10 blocks, shown live in the tile above. The pool fee is taken off gross coins; uptime scales both your hashing and your power bill.
The after next adjustment row re-runs the same math with the network's projected difficulty change (from the current epoch's block pace): a +3% retarget means every TH/s earns ~2.9% less, immediately.
Honest assumptions
Every output above is a snapshot of right now — difficulty -- and a BTC price of --. Neither holds still, and both move against annualized projections more often than not.
Difficulty drifts up. In growth markets, difficulty has historically risen a few percent per retarget, so the same machine earns a little less every ~2 weeks. A "profit / year" figure computed at frozen difficulty is an upper bound, not a forecast. See the difficulty page for the history.
Pool luck and payout scheme. FPPS pools pay smoothed expected value minus their fee; PPLNS payouts swing with pool luck; solo mining is a lottery with the same expected value and enormous variance. This calculator shows the expectation, not any single week's payout.
Power and uptime. Spec-sheet watts exclude PSU losses, cooling and site overhead (often +5–15% at the wall). Curtailment, restarts and network drops mean real uptime under 100% — that's why it's an input, not an assumption.
FAQ
- Why is my real mining payout lower than calculators say?
- Calculators snapshot today's network. In practice difficulty usually rises between snapshots (each +3% retarget cuts revenue per TH/s by about 2.9%), pool payout schemes and luck add variance, real wall-power draw usually exceeds the spec-sheet watts, and no machine runs at 100% uptime. This calculator's after-next-adjustment row corrects the first effect; test the rest with your own numbers above.
- What electricity price do I need to mine Bitcoin profitably?
- Your break-even electricity price is daily revenue divided by daily energy use: break-even $/kWh = revenue/day ÷ kWh/day. The calculator computes it live for your hardware and compares it to the rate you entered. More efficient machines (fewer joules per terahash) tolerate higher electricity rates — an S21 at ~17.5 J/TH breaks even at a far higher rate than an S19j Pro at ~29.5 J/TH (approx. manufacturer spec).
- Should I include hardware cost in mining profitability?
- Yes. The number above is operating profit only. Enter your hardware cost in the miner panel and the calculator adds a Payback row: hardware price ÷ profit/day = days to recover the machine. Because difficulty tends to rise over time, real payback usually takes longer than that simple estimate. If estimated payback already exceeds the machine's realistic useful life, the purchase doesn't work at today's numbers.
- What are my odds solo mining with a small miner?
- Your share of the network is your hashrate divided by total network hashrate, and Bitcoin finds ~144 blocks a day: expected blocks/day = (your hashrate ÷ network hashrate) × 144, and expected time to a block is 1 ÷ that. A 1.2 TH/s Bitaxe-class miner against a ~950 EH/s network is roughly a 1-in-5.5-million chance per day — an expected wait around 15,000 years — yet real solo miners do hit blocks every year, because a huge number of small machines each hold an independent ticket. The odds are Poisson: the wait has no memory, so time already spent mining never improves tomorrow's chance. The solo mining odds panel above computes your numbers live.
- How do I model a mixed fleet?
- Open the Fleet mode section under the calculator and add one row per machine generation — count, TH/s and wall watts per unit. Each row shows its own J/TH and daily profit at your electricity rate, pool fee and uptime, and the row with the worst profit per terahash is marked off first — the generation to shut down first when margins compress. The totals line blends the fleet into total machines, TH/s, kW, blended J/TH and combined profit, and Load totals into calculator pushes those totals through the main calculator so the payback and after-adjustment rows apply to the whole fleet. Averaging mixed generations into one blended miner hides exactly this shutdown decision.